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Better Farming

February 2017

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45

BETTER

BUSINESS

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“Basis is derived from the net

price (or cash price) plus or minus

the commodity futures,” said Moyse.

Backx further explained the

factors that influence basis.

“The further you are from Chica-

go (for corn sales) will result in a

(less attractive) basis at your location

– freight rates are a major compo-

nent,” said Backx.

The basis is normally decreased in

value at harvest time, when there is

ample supply available, according to

Backx. Likewise, basis typically

increases in value through the

storage season, as farmers are not

necessarily supplying end users with

what they demand.

“Sometimes an end user (like a

grain elevator/terminal) may need to

get coverage for a short-term order,

such as filling the last of a boat for

export,” he said. “This can cause a

short-term spike in basis” to attract

sellers.

To Kell, another key component

to keep in mind with regard to basis

is the exchange rate.

“Because the futures portion of

the price is in U.S. dollars, and the

cash transaction with a Canadian

farmer is typically in Canadian

dollars, the basis portion of the price

also includes the currency exchange

component of the price,” said Kell.

“Most of the changes in basis

which Canadian farmers see in the

marketplace are due to changes in

the exchange rate.” This is because

the other components of basis do not

typically change from day to day, or

even week to week, said Kell.

Backx said the exchange rate is the

most volatile part of basis for

Ontario producers.

“To correctly predict basis in

Ontario, you need to (largely)

predict the CAD (Canadian dollar)

direction – this is nearly impossible,”

he said.

Basis contracts

A basis contract differs greatly from

a flat price contract and should be

managed accordingly, these industry

representatives say.

With a basis contract, farmers can

lock in a basis while hopefully