30 Pork News & Views Better Pork April 2021 Pork News & Views Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Better Pork | April 2024 maintains higher nutrient concentrations and reduces time and cost of field application. Manure value can be improved by keeping water out of the storage by: Covering the storage Re-diverting rainwater (i.e. eavestroughs) Re-directing water around the farmstead Separating solids / recycling water (e.g., flush systems) There is a large variation in manure composition between livestock types. Within species, nutrient composition is influenced by many factors including diet/ration, bedding and storage and weather (precipitation and temperature). Soluble nutrients are highest in the liquid (urine) portion of manure while insoluble nutrients are primarily found in solids (feces). Figure 1 illustrates the distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium between the feces and urine. Manure value could be maximized in an ideal situation where livestock urine would be kept separate from feces. Bacterial urease from feces promotes the breakdown of urea in urine to ammonia and makes it more vulnerable to volatilization both in storage and during application. Manure sampling and analysis interpretation It’s difficult to economically manage what you don’t test. When is the best time to take a manure analysis? When taking a manure sample what should be analyzed? What do the results of the various tests tell us about nutrient availability in the manure? Dry matter Total nitrogen and Ammonium nitrogen Total phosphorus Total potassium Micronutrients (sulphur, calcium, zinc, magnesium, manganese, boron) pH Carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratio Total salts and sodium Organic matter Where does manure fit in crop nutrient planning? Considerations: What is the soil fertility status of the cropped fields? Category/ DM Range Average DM (%) Total N (%) Total NH4-N Total P (%) Total K (%) # Samples Composite 3.4 0.38 2490 0.11 0.19 3983 10-18% DM 12.4 0.80 4597 0.33 0.34 105 6-10% DM 7.5 0.65 3878 0.23 0.30 500 4-6% DM 4.9 0.52 3272 0.16 0.26 615 2-4% DM 2.9 0.36 2432 0.10 0.20 1291 0-2% DM 1.2 0.21 1592 0.04 0.12 1472 Nursery 2.37 0.26 1653 0.07 0.17 25 Farrowing sows 1.99 0.24 1591 0.07 0.12 562 Weaners 2.87 0.30 2000 0.11 0.22 187 Finishers 5.93 0.52 3195 0.15 0.28 921 Farrow to finish 3.67 0.41 2824 0.105 0.21 151 Dry sows/boars 2.56 0.26 1712 0.09 0.14 229 Table 1: How does swine manure on your farm compare? Finisher Hog Manure Example Farrowing Sows Example Compiled using AgriSuite manure calculator www.agrisuite.omafra.gov.on.ca and manure sample database. http://www.ontario.ca/page/available-nutrients-and-value-manure-various-livestock-types
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